Plato was an idealist insofar as he posits the primacy of ideas over matter. Of course, the philosopher feels loneliness and misunderstanding of the crowd, but its role remains to inform the host through the Socratic method (delivery of souls). We must therefore do work on itself, bring about a revolution in the way of seeing the world, convert his eyes to get rid of the doxa. Rocked by the senses and prejudice, most men live under the yoke of “doxa” (opinion). Plato says that the natural place for men is ignorance. Cave means the world of opinion, while the outside means the world of knowledge. Opinion and Knowledge: The Cave as an epistemological theoryĬave reveals also the epistemology of Plato. The Platonic ontology is dualistic because of this dichotomy sensible / intelligible. Access to the Truth through contemplation, the exercise is to make use of his reason. Thus, the Cave means the material world, whose wise-philosopher has to divert to the world of ideas. The horse is not the truth, only the idea of a horse is true.
Combining reality and truth, Plato condemns the world of sense. It is divided into two parts: first the physical world accessible to the senses, the real immediate source of error and illusion, the other the intelligible world accessible to reason alone, instead of ideas and truth. The real is not homogeneous according to Plato. But the truth is preferable to illusion, knowledge must guide man and the City. The world is thus divided into two : sensible and false things and their ideas real. Only the philosophy, free from opinion, can access ideas. This text is therefore quite representative of the Platonic philosophy.īrief analysis of Book 7: Men live in illusion.
Also a political dialogue, as Plato explains his theory on the ideal organization of the City. The Allegory of the Cave presents the theory of Ideas of Plato, who is both his metaphysics (= his theory of knowledge) and ontology (= his theory of being). Plato and Socrates trying to find how a society and an individual can be fair, trying to rise to the Idea of Justice. The work focuses on the concept of justice, both from the standpoint of the individual and the collective view, social. 5 Selected excerpts from the book 7 of the Republic:.3 Opinion and Knowledge: The Cave as an epistemological theory.
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